Third French Republic (1870-1940)

Immortal France (1943)
The Froment family of Montmartre, France from the Franco-Prussian war of 1871 to Nazi occupation in World War II
Mademoiselle Fifi (1944)
Conquering Germans throw their weight around in occupied France during the Franco-Prussian War of 1870, while French nobles kiss their posteriors
La commune (Paris , 1871) (2000)
Story of the Paris Commune of 1871, which briefly ruled France; semi-documentary (so I have just a little summary of the film's start)
1871 (1990)
The rise and fall of the Paris Commune
Champ d’honneur (1987)
Franco-Prussian War; a fellow sells his low draft lottery number and takes the place of the son of a rich man
Total Eclipse (1995)
French poets struggle with relationships, 1871
Camille Claudel (1988)
In 1883 France, sculptor Auguste Rodin meets sculptress Camille Claudel and they begin a relationship
Lust for Life (1956)
1885-1891, Dutch painter Vincent Van Gogh (friend of painter Paul Gauguin)
Vincent & Theo (1990)
The two Van Gogh brothers
The Eyes of Van Gogh (2005)
Based on the year van Gogh spent in the insane asylum of St. Remy
Moulin Rouge (1952)
Painter Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec
The Life of Emile Zola (1937)
Involved in the anti-Semitic Dreyfus Affair
I Accuse! (1958)
Zola and the Dreyfus Affair
Prisoner of Honor (1991)
Anti-Semitic Dreyfus affair, 1894
L’affaire Dreyfus (1995)
French film of the Dreyfus Affair
The Dreyfus Case (1930)
German film about the Dreyfus affair